Eight complete peer-reviewed results published 2018–2026, spanning one meta-analysis of 59 studies, five association surveys (50 to 4,024 respondents), and two coded content samples (50 videos; 390 forum posts). None supports a ranking of individual videos, and no association result establishes causation.
Circle area — sample size (participants, coded items, or pooled studies; units differ by study). Hover any mark for the finding and its stated limitation. Year for the hijab content analysis is taken from its published citation (2022); the source row leaves the year field blank.
This report does not name, rank, link to, thumbnail, embed, or make playable any pornographic video or pornography website. Embedding source material would create consent risks (performer consent cannot be reliably inferred from a finished video), age-verification and copyright exposure, privacy harms to identifiable performers, and research-ethics violations — and it is unnecessary for the scientific question, which concerns categories and associations, not individual clips. Explicit act-level codes from the content analyses are summarized here only in neutral terms: aggression, coercion, objectification, power imbalance, and performer agency.
The report is intended for adult academic and public-health discussion, not clinical diagnosis. Every design shown except the meta-analysis is cross-sectional or descriptive: association is not causation, self-report and selection effects apply throughout, coding definitions vary between studies, and niche samples must not be generalized to all pornography.
| Study | Year | Design | Sample | Key finding (neutral summary) | Stated limitation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intentional pornography access among Spanish adolescents | 2026 | Cross-sectional survey association | 4,024 adolescents, 14–17, Spain | 51.6% intentional past-year access, 10.6% daily; access associated with lower moral emotions and greater risk-behavior involvement. | Authors acknowledge several limitations; a first quantitative description, not a causal test. |
| Compensatory and dissociative coping, maltreatment, and problematic use | 2026 | Cross-sectional latent profile analysis association | 608 young adults, 18–27, Israel | Distinct compensatory and dissociative coping profiles show different patterns of trauma exposure and pornography-related behavior; coping style moderates how trauma relates to behavior. | Limitation field not extracted; design is cross-sectional, so no causal inference. |
| Experiences with AI-generated pornography (Reddit) | 2025 | Manual quantitative content analysis content coding | 390 public English-language Reddit posts | Posts covered production (59.5%), content (60.8%), effects (37.2%), ethical-legal issues (35.1%), use (12.8%); reactions ranged from concern over harms to curiosity and economic benefit. | Self-reported posts may diverge from actual behavior through bias, memory distortion, framing, and self-presentation. |
| Moderators of the violent pornography–sexual aggression link | 2025 | Online survey association | 677 Dutch university students | For men, violent-pornography use predicted sexual-violence perpetration risk (Nagelkerke R² = 0.71), amplified by perceived realism and peer rape-myth acceptance; for women, the link appeared when peer rape-myth acceptance was high. | Perceived realism may matter most in developmental periods before real-life sexual experience. |
| Hijab pornography content analysis | 2022 | Content analysis content coding | 50 coded videos from a niche category | In all coded videos aggression was directed only at women; pervasive objectification, male control of the encounter in nearly all videos, coercion coded in about a third, and power imbalance in half. | Niche genre not representative of mainstream material; performer intent and consent could not be coded; English-language requirement excluded much of the genre. |
| Hentai use, rape myths, and sexually aggressive strategies | 2022 | Quantitative analysis association | 906 college students who used this genre | Frequency and intensity of hentai use predicted sexually aggressive strategies; rape-myth endorsement was an important factor in both relationships. | Limitation field not extracted; self-selected genre users, so selection effects apply. |
| Pornography and sexual aggression: can meta-analysis find a link? | 2020 | Meta-analysis | 59 correlational, experimental, and population studies | No association for nonviolent pornography; violent pornography weakly correlated with sexual aggression, with selection versus socialization effects indistinguishable. | Identified publication bias reduced the effect size below the level used for interpretation. |
| Is scrupulosity behind problematic viewing, depression, anxiety, and stress? (doi 10.1080/10720162.2019.1567410) | 2018 | Multi-group structural equation modeling association | 757 adults (507 women, 250 men), online US sample | Scrupulosity was the strongest factor across all dimensions of problematic use; models explained 12–27% of variance depending on dimension and gender. | Cross-sectional data preclude causal inferences. |
Method: evidence extracted from 10 rows of one academic result set; 2 near-blank duplicate rows were dropped in favor of their complete versions, leaving 8 study results published 2018–2026. Each mark and table row is one published result; circle area encodes the study’s own sample size in its own units (participants, coded videos, forum posts, or pooled studies), which are not directly comparable across studies. Statistics are reported as extracted; no effect sizes were recomputed. Explicit act-level content codes were condensed into neutral categories (aggression, coercion, objectification, power imbalance, performer agency) for space and to keep the report non-graphic. One study’s publication year (2022) comes from its citation string because the extracted year field was blank; one 2018 study’s source is available only as a DOI, shown as text.